Furnace wall structure



April 15, 1941. M. LIPT AK FURNACE WALL STRUCTURE 2 SheetsSheet 1 Filed Jan. 20, 1939 ink April 15, 1941. M. LIHPTAIK FURNACEWALL STRUCTURE 1939 2 Sheets-@heet 2 Filed Jan. 20

Mia/2626? L .e ---include the drums frequently distinguished as the 20 with its lower portion spaced well above said tile.

Apr. 15, 1941 l I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FURNACE WALL STRUCTURE Michael Liptak, St. Paul, Minn. Application January 20, 1939, Serial No. 251,955 6 Claims. (01. 110-97) 3 invention, generally stated, relates to boiler illustrated in the drawings, the numeral I! inlnstallations and is directed to an improvement dicates the upright'steel columns that support in the wall and boiler drum mountings of the horizontal steel girders l3. The numeral 14 infurnace wall. Briefly stated, the objects of the dicates a sheet steel face plate that is reinforced invention are the provision of a wall structure by a lower horizontal angle bar l5 and by an that may be rapidly and economically erected, upper horizontal angle bar l6, which latter noted will compensate for expansion in the wall strucelements are applied in a manner to be hereinture, and. will be durable under high temperaafter noted. I tures. The major feature of the invention is The lower or main masonry of the wall strucdirected to means for supporting the wall superture is indicated as an entirety by the numeral structure or masonry that directly supports the i1, and is capped by sill tiles I8. These sill tiles. boiler drums independently of the lower or main II! are preferably in length the full width of the wall structure, and which structure includes ,a wall, but might be shorter than indicated, and

novel arrangement affording an efficient gasare rectangulan. At their inner or fire-exposed tight expansion joint between the main wall and 5 ends, these tiles I 8 have raised rectangular porthe wall superstructure. tions l8. The invention also includes improved features By reference particularly to Figs. 2, 7 and 8, it

for directly mounting and sealing the boiler drum will be noted that the girder I3 is extendedhor or drums, the term boiler drum being used to izontally above the reduced portion of the tile ll steam drums and mud drums. These latter noted As a highly important feature, this girder is proileatures are in the nature of an improvement vided with a projecting shelf IS in the form of a on or modification of the device disclosed and strong steel plate bolted, riveted or otherwise ri clailnecl in my prior Patent No. 1,900,019 of idly secured to the bottom flanges of said girder. March 7, 1933, entitled Mud drum seal. Preferably, and as shown, the shelf i9 is rigidly in the accompanying drawings which illustrate but detachably secured to the lower flanges f the commercial embodiment of the invention, t e g rde 3 by t-eq pped bolts l9a. This like characters indicate like parts throughout shelf is projec s above the reduced portion of the the several views. tile l8, toward the raised head l3 thereof and Referring to the drawingspreferably terminates a little short of said head. Fig. l is a side elevation showing a portion of The wall superstructure is mounted on the inthe boiler installation, some parts being broken d y Projecting p o h She 9 and is away; supported thereby from the girder l3. The ma- Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the-line sonry of this superstructure has a base formed by 2-l oi" Fig. 1 showing the parts on a larger lintel tile 20 having reduced upper portions that scale than in Fig. 1; directly overlie, but are spaced from the heads Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective, some part I 8 of the sill tile l8. These tiles 20 are of recbeing removed, and some parts being in section ta u ar o m, are a good deal'like the sill tiles showing the furnace wall and boiler drum mount- "3, a d a e P o i ed With rectangular. relatively ing with the drum removed; 40 thick or deep portions 20' that directly rest on Fig. t is a detail with parts broken away, some the shelf IS. The head portions l8 and 20' of parts removed and with some parts sectioned on the tile l8 and 20 closely overlap on vertical lines thelinel- -l of Fig. 2; and compensate forexpansion of the lower por- Fig, 5 is a, perspective showing one of the 5 tion of the main wall. To insure the gas-tight called anchoring tiles of the wall structure; 'joint between these overlapping expansion joint- Fig. 6 is a perspective showing one of the wall forming portions, a Packing preferably of anchors; asbestos but of any suitable pliable or yielding Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective showing material that will resist high temperatures, is certain of the wall elements and showing a part packed into the shelf, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 7 of one of the wall girders and projecting. shelf; and 8. Here it should be noted that outward of Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the wall taken this packing 2| a free air space 22 is formed approximately on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7; and between the metallic shelf is and the underlying Fig. 9 is a fragmentary section taken on the portion of the sill tiles. The pack ng 2| may be li 9-t of Fig. 3. extended any desired distance into the air space or the metallic parts of the wall structure 22:

The wall superstructure, in addition to the lintel tiles 20, is shown as made up of various other wall-forming tiles of which the numeral 23 indicates fire brick or tile of standard form, and 24 indicates anchoring tiles. These anchoring tiles 24 constitute an important part of the present invention, and they are formed with anchor seats 25. The seats 25 are preferably made T shaped and into these seats are dropped anchoring hooks 28 having T shaped heads and at the end of their stems having down-turned lock lugs 26. These anchors 26 may be cast metal or otherwise formed. The depending lock lugs 26' are dropped into channels formed by a metal anchor bar 21, see particularly Figs. 2, '7 and 8, that is welded, riveted or otherwise rigidly secured to the webs of the girders l3 and extends longitudinally of said girders. As shown, the anchor bar 21 is secured to the girders l3 by nut-equipped bolts 21'.

The so-called sill tiles or blocks I8 and lintel tiles 20, having reference to their longitudinal dimensions, may be quite appropriately designated as L-shaped; these L-shaped tile may be further described as in reversed spaced relation to form an expansible and contractible expansion joint.

In the drawings the boiler drum, assumed to be a steam drum, is indicated by the numeral 28, and in this preferred arrangement, the outer end of the steam drum is projected beyond the furnace wall through a passage formed in the upper wall. structure by annular rings of fire tile or brick. As shown in the drawings, this opening is formed by an inner ring of fire tile 29 and an outer ring of fire brick 30 that form an opening considerably larger than the extended end of the drum. The projected end of the drum is surrounded by an annular casing 3|, preferably of sheet steel, that is of substantially the same diameter as the opening in the wall, and hence considerably larger than the drum.

The face plate I4 is also formed with a passage of substantially the same diameter as the casing 3| and through which the outer end of the drum is extended into the casing. The casing is rigidly secured to the face plate l4, preferably and as shown, by an angular iron ring 32 and nutequipped bolts 33, see particularly Figs. 2, 3 and 8. The lower edge of the face plate I4 is shown as secured by nut-equipped bolts 34 to the depending flange of the lower bar l; and the horizontal flange of said bar If: is shown as secured to the upper flange of the girder I3 by nut-equipped bolts 25, see particularly Fig. 3, The upper. edge of the face plate I4 is shown as secured, by nutequipped bolts 36, to the depending flange of the upper face plate reinforcing angle l6, see particularly Fig. 2.

The drum 28 is rigidly supported from the girder I! by a metallic saddle 23a that is directly seated on said girder. This saddle may take various forms, but in practice will usually be welded to the boiler and connected to the girder 13 by nutequipped bolts 25' that permit lateral sliding movements of the saddle on the girder.

The outer end of the drum 28, (see particularly Fig. 2), is providedwith a man-hole opening 31 that is normally closed, as shown in Fig. 1, by a man-hole cover SI. Adjustablysecured in the outer end of the casing 2| is a flexible steel annu- 1 diaphragm 39. This diaphragm, as a-novel feature, is slldably and adjustably mounted in the outer end of the casing 3|, by frictional lockin: or clamping means that does not require per- 75 flange of the anchoring ring 40 forating of the casing. Preferably this is accomplished by the novel means illustrated and which, as shown, includes an angle iron anchoring ring 40 secured to the outer edge of the diaphragm, by nut-equipped bolts 4|, see particularly Fig. 9. The cylindrical flange of this ring 40 is provided with circumferentially spaced set screws 42 which, as shown, have threaded engagement with the nut-like blocks 43 welded to said diaphragm anchoring ring 40. These set screws preferably work freely through passages in the cylindrical and frictionally engage the interior of the casing 3i.

Bolted or otherwise rigidly secured to the inner edge of the annular diaphragm 39 is an annular joint ring 44. The outstanding flange of this joint ring 44, as best shown in Fig. 9, is secured 1 to said diaphragm by nut-equipped bolts 45, The

inwardly projecting annular flange of the joint ring M engages tightly against the end of the drum surrounding its man-hole opening 31, and is circumferentially grooved to hold a tightly compressed packing 46 of asbestos or like material which is heat resisting and will form a gas and water-tight joint between the joint ring and the drum.

A packing (ll is placed in the space between the web of the girder l3 and the adjacent face of the wall of the superstructure; and a similar packing G8 is placed in the space between the drum, the tile 29-36, the casing 3| and the diaphragm 38. The interior of the joint flange M has an outward conical flare so that it will freely shed or deflect water.

Preferably the heads of the bolts M are welded to the anchoring ring 40 so that they act as projecting studs. Also, preferably the heads of the nut-equipped bolts 15 are welded to the dia* phragm 39 so that they act as projecting studs.

With the structure above described, it is evident that the main or lower wall structure may be repaired or, for that matter, completely replaced without disturbing the wall superstructure and boiler drum setting, which latter is supported entirely directly from the girder shelf I9 and the girder itself. Expansion and contraction of the upper and lower wall sections will be compensated for by the vertical movements of the overlapping sill and lintel tiles or blocks l9 and 20 respectively, and the gas-tight joint will be maintained by the packing 2|. As the wall superstructure is carried by the girder shelf, this part of the wall will remain a permanent gas and air tight wall for life of the, boiler, but can be readily removed or rebuilt if necessary. The anchors 26 anchor the upper or super wall structure to the girder, and the packing 41 insulates and protects the girder from the heat conducted by the super wall structure. Also, this packing 41 and the relative arrangement of shelf and super wall structure prevents upward movement of air and gas between the girder and the super wall structure. When the air space 22 is formed between the shelf l9 and the sill blocks, movement of air to cool or prevent overheating of the shelf is permitted. The insulating packing 40 protects the extended or outer end of the boiler drum from radiation of heat into the atmosphere from theouter end of the drum.

The importance of a gas and fluid-tight joint between the outer end of the drum and the joint ring or that portion of the diaphragm that abuts the end of the drum, has already been noted and stated as accomplished by the packing 4i placed flnitesimally small and in the grooved edge of the joint ring.

ing the diaphragm the anchoring ring so adjusted that when the diaphragm is applied thereto with the packing 46 of the joint ring 44 tightly pressed against the end of the boiler drum, said diaphragm will be under such spring tension that if the boiler contracts axially, the joint ring will'follow the drum and maintain the packing It tightly against the end of the drum. Also, the adjustment will then be such that if the boiler drum should expand axially, the diaphragm will In applyvyield and simply keep the packing 46 more tightly pressed against the drum head.

From the above it will be understood that the diaphragm 39 will be applied to the anchoring ring 40 after the latter tightening of the set screws 42. The use of these frictional devices, to wi the set screws 42, or the like, eliminates the necessity for forming holes or seats in the casing 3| and affords an inaccurate adjustment throughout a long range of possible adjustment of the anchoring ring in the casing.

In many instances illustrated, nut-equipped bolts have been shown where spot welding or rivets might be employed; however, it is important that nut-equipped bolts with their heads welded or otherwise rigidly secured in the one instance to the flange of the anchoring ring 40 serving as studs will be employed to facilitate the application of the nuts from the outer side of the diaphragm.

The word tile has been herein used in a broad sense to cover either what is referred to in the trade as fire-brick or fire-tile."

What I claim is:

1. In a wall structure of the kind described, a lower main wall capped by sill tiles, a girder III will be extended above said sill has been firmly set by tiles and having a projecting shelf spaced vertically from said sill tiles, lintel tiles carried by said shelf, said sill and lintel tiles having overlapping vertically extended portions affording an expansion joint, a super wall structure built upon and including said lintel tiles, a boiler drum extended through said wall and supported on said girder and projecting outward beyond the latter, a casing supported by said girder and surrounding the outer end of said drum with clearance, and a diaphragm secured in the outer end of said casing and adapted to hold insulating packing against the outer end of said drum.

2. The structure defined in claim 1 in which said drum is directly supported from said girder by an interposed saddle.

3. The-structure defined in claim 1 in which said diaphragm is secured in said casing for lateral adjustments :toward and from the outer end of said drum.

4. The structure defined in claim 1 in which said girder is an I-beam provided at the intermediate portion of its web with an anchoring flange, and in further combination with metallic anchors interlocked to said anchoring flange and seated in certain of the elements of said super wall structure.

5. The structure defined in claim 1 in further combination with a face plate rigidly secured to the upper flange of said girder and to the inner end of said casing and having an opening through which said drum is passed with clearance.

6. The structure defined in claim 1 in further combination with metallic anchors interlocked to the web of said girder'and to certain of the elements of said super wall structure.

MICHAEL LIPTAK. 

